The conferment of the Bharat Ratna on Karpoori Thakur, a stalwart of Indian socialism and a beacon for the marginalized, is not just a posthumous honor but a timely recognition of a leader whose influence reshaped the contours of Indian politics. Thakur, a two-time Chief Minister of Bihar, embodied the struggle for social justice, a commitment that resonates profoundly in today's socio-political landscape.Thakur's political journey, marked by his triumph in the 1952 elections, was a testament to his steadfast dedication to the upliftment of the backward and extremely backward classes (EBCs). His pioneering efforts in implementing a layered reservation system in 1978, despite facing stiff opposition, laid the groundwork for a more equitable society. This bold move, often contested, was a precursor to the broader affirmative action policies that later defined the nation's approach to social justice.The irony of Thakur's political trajectory, however, lies in his transition from a mass leader to an EBC icon. Initially uniting diverse social groups, including upper castes, OBCs, and Dalits, his later years saw him pigeonholed as an EBC leader. This shift, perhaps, underscores the complex dynamics of caste politics in India. His vision, nevertheless, transcended these labels, aiming at a broader societal transformation.

The timing of this award, amidst the complexities of caste dynamics and political maneuvering in Bihar, is noteworthy. It comes at a juncture when caste surveys and demands for a nationwide caste census are at the forefront of political discourse. The recognition of Thakur's contributions thus serves as a reminder of the enduring relevance of his ideals in contemporary politics. His policies have left an indelible mark on the state's governance, influencing leaders like Nitish Kumar, who have adopted and adapted Thakur's formulae to contemporary needs.

As we honor Karpoori Thakur, we must also introspect on the path ahead. The quest for social justice, equality, and true empowerment of the underprivileged continues. The legacy of Thakur should not be confined to the annals of history but should inspire contemporary policies and actions. It is incumbent upon today's leaders to embody the spirit of Thakur's legacy, ensuring that the journey he embarked upon reaches its intended destination – an India where every citizen, irrespective of caste or creed, has the opportunity to thrive and prosper.

Q.10 Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

The conferment of the Bharat Ratna on Karpoori Thakur, a stalwart of Indian socialism and a beacon for the marginalized, is not just a posthumous honor but a timely recognition of a leader whose influence reshaped the contours of Indian politics. Thakur, a two-time Chief Minister of Bihar, embodied the struggle for social justice, a commitment that resonates profoundly in today's socio-political landscape.Thakur's political journey, marked by his triumph in the 1952 elections, was a testament to his steadfast dedication to the upliftment of the backward and extremely backward classes (EBCs). His pioneering efforts in implementing a layered reservation system in 1978, despite facing stiff opposition, laid the groundwork for a more equitable society. This bold move, often contested, was a precursor to the broader affirmative action policies that later defined the nation's approach to social justice.The irony of Thakur's political trajectory, however, lies in his transition from a mass leader to an EBC icon. Initially uniting diverse social groups, including upper castes, OBCs, and Dalits, his later years saw him pigeonholed as an EBC leader. This shift, perhaps, underscores the complex dynamics of caste politics in India. His vision, nevertheless, transcended these labels, aiming at a broader societal transformation.

The timing of this award, amidst the complexities of caste dynamics and political maneuvering in Bihar, is noteworthy. It comes at a juncture when caste surveys and demands for a nationwide caste census are at the forefront of political discourse. The recognition of Thakur's contributions thus serves as a reminder of the enduring relevance of his ideals in contemporary politics. His policies have left an indelible mark on the state's governance, influencing leaders like Nitish Kumar, who have adopted and adapted Thakur's formulae to contemporary needs.

As we honor Karpoori Thakur, we must also introspect on the path ahead. The quest for social justice, equality, and true empowerment of the underprivileged continues. The legacy of Thakur should not be confined to the annals of history but should inspire contemporary policies and actions. It is incumbent upon today's leaders to embody the spirit of Thakur's legacy, ensuring that the journey he embarked upon reaches its intended destination – an India where every citizen, irrespective of caste or creed, has the opportunity to thrive and prosper.

Q.9 How might Karpoori Thakur's legacy influence contemporary policy-making in India?

The conferment of the Bharat Ratna on Karpoori Thakur, a stalwart of Indian socialism and a beacon for the marginalized, is not just a posthumous honor but a timely recognition of a leader whose influence reshaped the contours of Indian politics. Thakur, a two-time Chief Minister of Bihar, embodied the struggle for social justice, a commitment that resonates profoundly in today's socio-political landscape.Thakur's political journey, marked by his triumph in the 1952 elections, was a testament to his steadfast dedication to the upliftment of the backward and extremely backward classes (EBCs). His pioneering efforts in implementing a layered reservation system in 1978, despite facing stiff opposition, laid the groundwork for a more equitable society. This bold move, often contested, was a precursor to the broader affirmative action policies that later defined the nation's approach to social justice.The irony of Thakur's political trajectory, however, lies in his transition from a mass leader to an EBC icon. Initially uniting diverse social groups, including upper castes, OBCs, and Dalits, his later years saw him pigeonholed as an EBC leader. This shift, perhaps, underscores the complex dynamics of caste politics in India. His vision, nevertheless, transcended these labels, aiming at a broader societal transformation.

The timing of this award, amidst the complexities of caste dynamics and political maneuvering in Bihar, is noteworthy. It comes at a juncture when caste surveys and demands for a nationwide caste census are at the forefront of political discourse. The recognition of Thakur's contributions thus serves as a reminder of the enduring relevance of his ideals in contemporary politics. His policies have left an indelible mark on the state's governance, influencing leaders like Nitish Kumar, who have adopted and adapted Thakur's formulae to contemporary needs.

As we honor Karpoori Thakur, we must also introspect on the path ahead. The quest for social justice, equality, and true empowerment of the underprivileged continues. The legacy of Thakur should not be confined to the annals of history but should inspire contemporary policies and actions. It is incumbent upon today's leaders to embody the spirit of Thakur's legacy, ensuring that the journey he embarked upon reaches its intended destination – an India where every citizen, irrespective of caste or creed, has the opportunity to thrive and prosper.

Q.8 Based on the passage, which statement would the author most likely agree with?

The conferment of the Bharat Ratna on Karpoori Thakur, a stalwart of Indian socialism and a beacon for the marginalized, is not just a posthumous honor but a timely recognition of a leader whose influence reshaped the contours of Indian politics. Thakur, a two-time Chief Minister of Bihar, embodied the struggle for social justice, a commitment that resonates profoundly in today's socio-political landscape.Thakur's political journey, marked by his triumph in the 1952 elections, was a testament to his steadfast dedication to the upliftment of the backward and extremely backward classes (EBCs). His pioneering efforts in implementing a layered reservation system in 1978, despite facing stiff opposition, laid the groundwork for a more equitable society. This bold move, often contested, was a precursor to the broader affirmative action policies that later defined the nation's approach to social justice.The irony of Thakur's political trajectory, however, lies in his transition from a mass leader to an EBC icon. Initially uniting diverse social groups, including upper castes, OBCs, and Dalits, his later years saw him pigeonholed as an EBC leader. This shift, perhaps, underscores the complex dynamics of caste politics in India. His vision, nevertheless, transcended these labels, aiming at a broader societal transformation.

The timing of this award, amidst the complexities of caste dynamics and political maneuvering in Bihar, is noteworthy. It comes at a juncture when caste surveys and demands for a nationwide caste census are at the forefront of political discourse. The recognition of Thakur's contributions thus serves as a reminder of the enduring relevance of his ideals in contemporary politics. His policies have left an indelible mark on the state's governance, influencing leaders like Nitish Kumar, who have adopted and adapted Thakur's formulae to contemporary needs.

As we honor Karpoori Thakur, we must also introspect on the path ahead. The quest for social justice, equality, and true empowerment of the underprivileged continues. The legacy of Thakur should not be confined to the annals of history but should inspire contemporary policies and actions. It is incumbent upon today's leaders to embody the spirit of Thakur's legacy, ensuring that the journey he embarked upon reaches its intended destination – an India where every citizen, irrespective of caste or creed, has the opportunity to thrive and prosper.

Q.7 Which of the following best describes the logical structure of the passage?

The conferment of the Bharat Ratna on Karpoori Thakur, a stalwart of Indian socialism and a beacon for the marginalized, is not just a posthumous honor but a timely recognition of a leader whose influence reshaped the contours of Indian politics. Thakur, a two-time Chief Minister of Bihar, embodied the struggle for social justice, a commitment that resonates profoundly in today's socio-political landscape.Thakur's political journey, marked by his triumph in the 1952 elections, was a testament to his steadfast dedication to the upliftment of the backward and extremely backward classes (EBCs). His pioneering efforts in implementing a layered reservation system in 1978, despite facing stiff opposition, laid the groundwork for a more equitable society. This bold move, often contested, was a precursor to the broader affirmative action policies that later defined the nation's approach to social justice.The irony of Thakur's political trajectory, however, lies in his transition from a mass leader to an EBC icon. Initially uniting diverse social groups, including upper castes, OBCs, and Dalits, his later years saw him pigeonholed as an EBC leader. This shift, perhaps, underscores the complex dynamics of caste politics in India. His vision, nevertheless, transcended these labels, aiming at a broader societal transformation.

The timing of this award, amidst the complexities of caste dynamics and political maneuvering in Bihar, is noteworthy. It comes at a juncture when caste surveys and demands for a nationwide caste census are at the forefront of political discourse. The recognition of Thakur's contributions thus serves as a reminder of the enduring relevance of his ideals in contemporary politics. His policies have left an indelible mark on the state's governance, influencing leaders like Nitish Kumar, who have adopted and adapted Thakur's formulae to contemporary needs.

As we honor Karpoori Thakur, we must also introspect on the path ahead. The quest for social justice, equality, and true empowerment of the underprivileged continues. The legacy of Thakur should not be confined to the annals of history but should inspire contemporary policies and actions. It is incumbent upon today's leaders to embody the spirit of Thakur's legacy, ensuring that the journey he embarked upon reaches its intended destination – an India where every citizen, irrespective of caste or creed, has the opportunity to thrive and prosper.

Q.6 What is the author's tone in discussing Karpoori Thakur’s legacy?

The conferment of the Bharat Ratna on Karpoori Thakur, a stalwart of Indian socialism and a beacon for the marginalized, is not just a posthumous honor but a timely recognition of a leader whose influence reshaped the contours of Indian politics. Thakur, a two-time Chief Minister of Bihar, embodied the struggle for social justice, a commitment that resonates profoundly in today's socio-political landscape.Thakur's political journey, marked by his triumph in the 1952 elections, was a testament to his steadfast dedication to the upliftment of the backward and extremely backward classes (EBCs). His pioneering efforts in implementing a layered reservation system in 1978, despite facing stiff opposition, laid the groundwork for a more equitable society. This bold move, often contested, was a precursor to the broader affirmative action policies that later defined the nation's approach to social justice.The irony of Thakur's political trajectory, however, lies in his transition from a mass leader to an EBC icon. Initially uniting diverse social groups, including upper castes, OBCs, and Dalits, his later years saw him pigeonholed as an EBC leader. This shift, perhaps, underscores the complex dynamics of caste politics in India. His vision, nevertheless, transcended these labels, aiming at a broader societal transformation.

The timing of this award, amidst the complexities of caste dynamics and political maneuvering in Bihar, is noteworthy. It comes at a juncture when caste surveys and demands for a nationwide caste census are at the forefront of political discourse. The recognition of Thakur's contributions thus serves as a reminder of the enduring relevance of his ideals in contemporary politics. His policies have left an indelible mark on the state's governance, influencing leaders like Nitish Kumar, who have adopted and adapted Thakur's formulae to contemporary needs.

As we honor Karpoori Thakur, we must also introspect on the path ahead. The quest for social justice, equality, and true empowerment of the underprivileged continues. The legacy of Thakur should not be confined to the annals of history but should inspire contemporary policies and actions. It is incumbent upon today's leaders to embody the spirit of Thakur's legacy, ensuring that the journey he embarked upon reaches its intended destination – an India where every citizen, irrespective of caste or creed, has the opportunity to thrive and prosper.

Q.5 What is the central theme of the passage?

The conferment of the Bharat Ratna on Karpoori Thakur, a stalwart of Indian socialism and a beacon for the marginalized, is not just a posthumous honor but a timely recognition of a leader whose influence reshaped the contours of Indian politics. Thakur, a two-time Chief Minister of Bihar, embodied the struggle for social justice, a commitment that resonates profoundly in today's socio-political landscape.Thakur's political journey, marked by his triumph in the 1952 elections, was a testament to his steadfast dedication to the upliftment of the backward and extremely backward classes (EBCs). His pioneering efforts in implementing a layered reservation system in 1978, despite facing stiff opposition, laid the groundwork for a more equitable society. This bold move, often contested, was a precursor to the broader affirmative action policies that later defined the nation's approach to social justice.The irony of Thakur's political trajectory, however, lies in his transition from a mass leader to an EBC icon. Initially uniting diverse social groups, including upper castes, OBCs, and Dalits, his later years saw him pigeonholed as an EBC leader. This shift, perhaps, underscores the complex dynamics of caste politics in India. His vision, nevertheless, transcended these labels, aiming at a broader societal transformation.

The timing of this award, amidst the complexities of caste dynamics and political maneuvering in Bihar, is noteworthy. It comes at a juncture when caste surveys and demands for a nationwide caste census are at the forefront of political discourse. The recognition of Thakur's contributions thus serves as a reminder of the enduring relevance of his ideals in contemporary politics. His policies have left an indelible mark on the state's governance, influencing leaders like Nitish Kumar, who have adopted and adapted Thakur's formulae to contemporary needs.

As we honor Karpoori Thakur, we must also introspect on the path ahead. The quest for social justice, equality, and true empowerment of the underprivileged continues. The legacy of Thakur should not be confined to the annals of history but should inspire contemporary policies and actions. It is incumbent upon today's leaders to embody the spirit of Thakur's legacy, ensuring that the journey he embarked upon reaches its intended destination – an India where every citizen, irrespective of caste or creed, has the opportunity to thrive and prosper.

Q.4 In the passage, the term 'his' in "his pioneering efforts" refers to whom?

The conferment of the Bharat Ratna on Karpoori Thakur, a stalwart of Indian socialism and a beacon for the marginalized, is not just a posthumous honor but a timely recognition of a leader whose influence reshaped the contours of Indian politics. Thakur, a two-time Chief Minister of Bihar, embodied the struggle for social justice, a commitment that resonates profoundly in today's socio-political landscape.Thakur's political journey, marked by his triumph in the 1952 elections, was a testament to his steadfast dedication to the upliftment of the backward and extremely backward classes (EBCs). His pioneering efforts in implementing a layered reservation system in 1978, despite facing stiff opposition, laid the groundwork for a more equitable society. This bold move, often contested, was a precursor to the broader affirmative action policies that later defined the nation's approach to social justice.The irony of Thakur's political trajectory, however, lies in his transition from a mass leader to an EBC icon. Initially uniting diverse social groups, including upper castes, OBCs, and Dalits, his later years saw him pigeonholed as an EBC leader. This shift, perhaps, underscores the complex dynamics of caste politics in India. His vision, nevertheless, transcended these labels, aiming at a broader societal transformation.

The timing of this award, amidst the complexities of caste dynamics and political maneuvering in Bihar, is noteworthy. It comes at a juncture when caste surveys and demands for a nationwide caste census are at the forefront of political discourse. The recognition of Thakur's contributions thus serves as a reminder of the enduring relevance of his ideals in contemporary politics. His policies have left an indelible mark on the state's governance, influencing leaders like Nitish Kumar, who have adopted and adapted Thakur's formulae to contemporary needs.

As we honor Karpoori Thakur, we must also introspect on the path ahead. The quest for social justice, equality, and true empowerment of the underprivileged continues. The legacy of Thakur should not be confined to the annals of history but should inspire contemporary policies and actions. It is incumbent upon today's leaders to embody the spirit of Thakur's legacy, ensuring that the journey he embarked upon reaches its intended destination – an India where every citizen, irrespective of caste or creed, has the opportunity to thrive and prosper.

Q.3 In the context of the passage, what does the term 'embodied' most likely mean?

The conferment of the Bharat Ratna on Karpoori Thakur, a stalwart of Indian socialism and a beacon for the marginalized, is not just a posthumous honor but a timely recognition of a leader whose influence reshaped the contours of Indian politics. Thakur, a two-time Chief Minister of Bihar, embodied the struggle for social justice, a commitment that resonates profoundly in today's socio-political landscape.Thakur's political journey, marked by his triumph in the 1952 elections, was a testament to his steadfast dedication to the upliftment of the backward and extremely backward classes (EBCs). His pioneering efforts in implementing a layered reservation system in 1978, despite facing stiff opposition, laid the groundwork for a more equitable society. This bold move, often contested, was a precursor to the broader affirmative action policies that later defined the nation's approach to social justice.The irony of Thakur's political trajectory, however, lies in his transition from a mass leader to an EBC icon. Initially uniting diverse social groups, including upper castes, OBCs, and Dalits, his later years saw him pigeonholed as an EBC leader. This shift, perhaps, underscores the complex dynamics of caste politics in India. His vision, nevertheless, transcended these labels, aiming at a broader societal transformation.

The timing of this award, amidst the complexities of caste dynamics and political maneuvering in Bihar, is noteworthy. It comes at a juncture when caste surveys and demands for a nationwide caste census are at the forefront of political discourse. The recognition of Thakur's contributions thus serves as a reminder of the enduring relevance of his ideals in contemporary politics. His policies have left an indelible mark on the state's governance, influencing leaders like Nitish Kumar, who have adopted and adapted Thakur's formulae to contemporary needs.

As we honor Karpoori Thakur, we must also introspect on the path ahead. The quest for social justice, equality, and true empowerment of the underprivileged continues. The legacy of Thakur should not be confined to the annals of history but should inspire contemporary policies and actions. It is incumbent upon today's leaders to embody the spirit of Thakur's legacy, ensuring that the journey he embarked upon reaches its intended destination – an India where every citizen, irrespective of caste or creed, has the opportunity to thrive and prosper.

Q.2 What can be inferred about the impact of Karpoori Thakur’s policies on contemporary Indian politics?

The conferment of the Bharat Ratna on Karpoori Thakur, a stalwart of Indian socialism and a beacon for the marginalized, is not just a posthumous honor but a timely recognition of a leader whose influence reshaped the contours of Indian politics. Thakur, a two-time Chief Minister of Bihar, embodied the struggle for social justice, a commitment that resonates profoundly in today's socio-political landscape.Thakur's political journey, marked by his triumph in the 1952 elections, was a testament to his steadfast dedication to the upliftment of the backward and extremely backward classes (EBCs). His pioneering efforts in implementing a layered reservation system in 1978, despite facing stiff opposition, laid the groundwork for a more equitable society. This bold move, often contested, was a precursor to the broader affirmative action policies that later defined the nation's approach to social justice.The irony of Thakur's political trajectory, however, lies in his transition from a mass leader to an EBC icon. Initially uniting diverse social groups, including upper castes, OBCs, and Dalits, his later years saw him pigeonholed as an EBC leader. This shift, perhaps, underscores the complex dynamics of caste politics in India. His vision, nevertheless, transcended these labels, aiming at a broader societal transformation.

The timing of this award, amidst the complexities of caste dynamics and political maneuvering in Bihar, is noteworthy. It comes at a juncture when caste surveys and demands for a nationwide caste census are at the forefront of political discourse. The recognition of Thakur's contributions thus serves as a reminder of the enduring relevance of his ideals in contemporary politics. His policies have left an indelible mark on the state's governance, influencing leaders like Nitish Kumar, who have adopted and adapted Thakur's formulae to contemporary needs.

As we honor Karpoori Thakur, we must also introspect on the path ahead. The quest for social justice, equality, and true empowerment of the underprivileged continues. The legacy of Thakur should not be confined to the annals of history but should inspire contemporary policies and actions. It is incumbent upon today's leaders to embody the spirit of Thakur's legacy, ensuring that the journey he embarked upon reaches its intended destination – an India where every citizen, irrespective of caste or creed, has the opportunity to thrive and prosper.

Q.1 Karpoori Thakur served as Chief Minister of which Indian state?